64 points separate two American grids. The EIA blended them and called it 11%. That number is fiction.
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The week is almost done, but two numbers from this morning's EIA data are still arguing in my head. Evening.
The National Average Is a Lie.
One grid surged 41%. Another fell 23%. The EIA blended them and called it 11%. That number hides everything that matters.
This morning I wrote about the EIA's October outlook. PJM wholesale prices up 41%. Pacific Northwest down 23%. Same country. Same year. Same report.
Tonight I want to argue that the 11% national average is worse than useless. It's actively misleading. It tells you the electricity market is rising gently. It isn't. It's fracturing.
PJM covers thirteen states and 67 million people. Virginia. Pennsylvania. Ohio. Michigan. New Jersey. This is where the data centers are. PJM projects 32 GW of load growth through 2030. Data centers account for 94% of it.
The Pacific Northwest has hydro. It has wind. It has very few data centers. Its wholesale prices are falling. Same grid infrastructure. Same transmission physics. Different load profile. Different direction.
A 64-point gap between two regions of the same country is not a weather story. Weather bounces. This gap is structural. And it's widening.
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If data centers drive prices up where they land, why would they ever stop landing there?
Because the fiber is there. The interconnection is there. The workforce is there. Virginia's data center corridor exists because of proximity to internet exchange points built in the 1990s. That geography doesn't move.
So the load concentrates. And where it concentrates, prices rise. PJM's capacity auction cleared at $329.17 per megawatt-day for 2026-2027. That hit the FERC cap for two straight auctions. The Dominion zone in Virginia pays capacity fees 65% higher than the rest of the grid.
"The relationship between load growth, fuel fundamentals, wholesale prices, infrastructure and retail costs is becoming increasingly regional and increasingly important to analyze separately."
That's a polite way of saying the national number is broken. And it is. A family in Portland, Oregon sees cheaper power this year. A family in Arlington, Virginia sees the opposite. The EIA puts them in the same chart and draws a gentle line. The gentle line is fiction.
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The capacity cost: Data centers drove $9.3 billion in capacity charges for the 2025-2026 PJM delivery year alone. That is 40% of the total auction cost. Every ratepayer in thirteen states shares that bill. |
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The spread is widening: DTE in Michigan just reported 8 GW of data center requests. Oracle signed a nuclear deal in Wisconsin. Google locked up power in Wayne County. The load is spreading west. The price divergence follows it. |
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The investment map: Utilities in PJM trade at premiums. Utilities in the Northwest don't. The divergence isn't just a power story. It's the trade beneath every grid stock, every rate case, every data center lease. |
I've watched this split build all year. Capacity auctions. Emergency orders. Rate cases. Every signal pointed here. But seeing it in one EIA line, expressed as a single 64-point gap, made it real in a way I hadn't felt before. America doesn't have one electricity market anymore. It has two. And the border between them is drawn by data centers.
Where the data centers land, prices surge. Where they don't, prices fall. That divergence is the trade.
The national average will keep smoothing it over. Don't let it.
— Theodore
The Capital Current ⚡
Every financial story has a power line running through it.
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