 | (Source: Council on Foreign Relations) |
| Chinese soft power is the way China tries to shape how other states see it without using force. It does this through culture, money, education, media, and diplomacy. China wants to look friendly, modern, and responsible. It hopes that if people trust China, they will also support China's goals in the world. In 2025, Chinese soft power is strong in some areas, weaker in others, but always growing. | Culture and education as power tools | One of China's most famous soft-power tools is its culture. China promotes its language, history, art, and traditions. The government supports Confucius Institutes, which teach Chinese language and culture in many states. Thousands of students take these classes every year. China hopes that when people learn the language, they will also feel closer to China. Chinese festivals, movies, food, and martial arts also play a big role. Many people enjoy Chinese New Year events, watch Chinese dramas online, or practice tai chi. These cultural links help China build a warm and welcoming image. | Another key part of Chinese soft power is education. China offers scholarships to students from Africa, Asia, Latin America. But also, even Europe. Many students go to Chinese universities because the tuition is low, and the programs are good. When they return home, they bring back Chinese contacts, skills, and memories. Some later work in government or business. Their positive experiences can make their states more open to cooperation with China. This is one of China's most successful strategies. | | | | "Forget AI" Says Reagan's #1 Futurist |
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| | Media and information | Chinese soft power also comes through media and information. China runs large global news networks, such as CGTN and Xinhua. These outlets publish stories in many languages. They show China as a stable and peaceful country with fast development. They highlight Chinese science, technology, and culture. China also invests in social media campaigns. The goal is simple: shape how people think about China and its policies. Some governments complain that this is propaganda. But China says it is only offering a different point of view than media from the West. | Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) | The BRI is another part of China's soft-power effort. This giant project builds roads, railways, ports, and airports in more than 100 countries. It also supports energy plants, hospitals, and digital networks. China presents the BRI as a way to bring jobs and growth to developing nations. Many leaders praise China for building infrastructure that no one else offered. These projects create goodwill. When a country gets a new bridge or railway from China, the public often sees China as a helpful partner. But at the same time critics worry about debt or political pressure. | Health, technology, diplomacy | China also uses health to gain soft power. During the COVID-19, China sent masks, tests, doctors, and vaccines to many states. This helped China improve its image, especially in parts of Africa and Southeast Asia. China still sends medical teams abroad, builds hospitals, and trains doctors. This aims to depict China as a "responsible global power". This is a message China often repeats. | In the field of technology, China's companies also spread soft power. Apps like TikTok, mobile brands like Huawei and Xiaomi, and platforms like Alibaba expose millions of people to China's tech every day. This makes it look innovative and modern. When young people around the world use Chinese apps, they feel cultural closeness without even thinking about it. This is soft power at work, even if it is indirect. | Diplomacy is another key tool. China presents itself as a country that respects all nations, large or small. It speaks about "win-win cooperation" and "non-interference." Many developing states appreciate this tone, especially when they feel judged by powers in the West. China also hosts big summits, like the China-Africa Forum or the Belt and Road Forum. These meetings help China look like a leader of the Global South. China also tries to act as a peacemaker. Its mediation between Iran and Saudi Arabia in 2023, for example, was widely praised. Moves like this boost its moral image. | Limits and challenges | But China's soft power also faces limits. Some people distrust China's political system. They worry about censorship, surveillance, and lack of free speech in China. Others fear becoming too dependent on China's loans or technology. In some states, Confucius Institutes have closed because of political pressure. China's actions in the South China Sea and its stance on Taiwan also reduce trust. These issues create tension between China's goals and how people abroad feel. | In 2025, China's soft power is strongest in the Global South. Many African, Middle Eastern, Asian and Latin American states view China as a partner that brings money, development and respect. China's soft-power image is weaker in Europe, Japan, Australia, and North America. These regions are more sensitive to human-rights concerns and strategic rivalry. | Still, China continues to invest heavily in culture, education, media, and diplomacy. Soft power helps China protect its interests without conflict. It helps build alliances, open markets, and gain political support. It also supports China's long-term dream of becoming a leading global power. | Decoding geopolitics isn't a job. It's survival. | Joy |
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